Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation. It was discovered and named by Ernest Rutherford in 1903. Although gamma rays are an actual form of high-frequency radiation, their effects have often been fictionalized in various media. The most common example of which can be found in comic books published by Marvel Comics.
In the continuity of the Hulk family of comic book titles, exposure to gamma radiation is what transformed puny milksop nerd scientist Doctor Robert Bruce Banner into the rampaging green-skinned Goliath known as the Hulk. A common by-product of gamma radiation appears to be enhanced physical characteristics, as well as discoloration of skin and/or hair. Gamma ray exposure affects different individuals in various ways. Samuel Sterns was a simple-minded janitor in a laboratory, but after being exposed to gamma-radiated particles, experienced a massive increase in intellect, turning him into a super-genius with an enlarged cranium and green skin.
Gamma-radiated blood can also have a physical effect on those injected with it. Such was the case when Bruce Banner, who had already been the Hulk for many years, was forced to give a blood transfusion to his cousin, Jennifer Walters, using his own blood, after she had suffered a near fatal gunshot injury. As a result, Jen gained the ability to increase her size and strength, and her skin and hair turned green. Unlike her cousin however, Jennifer Walters maintained her intellect, whereas Banner's intelligence was always subsumed by the ubiquitously angry persona of the Hulk.
Others who have found themselves altered by gamma radiation exposure include Thaddeus Ross, who became Red Hulk, Rick Jones, who became A-Bomb, and Betty Ross, who became Red She-Hulk.
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- Avengers Vol 8 28 - Wakandan battle suit absorbs and emits gamma rays.